Karl Landsteiner (1868) Landsteiner was an Austrian-born American medical researcher who was awarded the 1930 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the four basic human blood groups—A, B, O, and AB—which enabled the first successful blood transfusion to be performed in 1907. He was also involved in the discovery of the polio virus, and, in 1940, he helped identify what human blood protein, named after a monkey and capable of producing intense antigenic reactions in certain transfusion recipients? More…
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